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Citation

Ussher M, Best C, Lewis S, McKell J, Coleman T, Cooper S, Orton S & Bauld L (2024) Effect of 3 months and 12 months of financial incentives on 12-month postpartum smoking cessation maintenance: a randomised controlled trial. Addiction. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.16487

Abstract
Background and aims Offering financial incentives is effective for smoking cessation during pregnancy. We tested the effectiveness of financial incentives for maintaining postpartum cessation, comparing 12-month and 3-month incentives with each other and with usual care (UC). Design, setting and participants This study was a pragmatic, multi-centre, three-arm randomized controlled trial involving four English, National Health Service, stop smoking services. A total of 462 postpartum women (aged ≥?16?years) took part, who stopped smoking during pregnancy with financial incentives, validated as abstinent from smoking at end of pregnancy or early postpartum. Interventions Interventions comprised (i) UC; (ii) UC plus up to ?60 of financial voucher incentives offered to participants and ?60 offered to an optional significant-other supporter, over 3 months postpartum, contingent upon validated abstinence (‘3-month incentives’); or (iii) UC plus ‘3-month incentives’ plus ?180 of vouchers offered to participants over 9 months postpartum, contingent upon abstinence (‘12-month incentives’). Measurements Primary outcome: biochemically validated abstinence at 1 year postpartum. To adjust for testing all comparisons between groups with equal precision, P?

Keywords
Abstinence; financial incentives; intervention; postpartum; pregnancy; randomized controlled trial; relapse; smoking; vouchers

Journal
Addiction

• Published Version